America’s leadership in science and technology did not happen by chance. For decades, the United States has fueled progress through strong federal investments in basic research—investments that have attracted brilliant minds from around the world and turned groundbreaking ideas into tangible benefits for society. This commitment has propelled the U.S. economy, improved public health, strengthened national security, and sparked a sense of wonder that has inspired generations. The American research model has not only advanced the nation but has also benefited the entire world through international collaborations that have led to life-changing innovations, from new medicines to artificial intelligence.
Yet, as the global landscape evolves, the same strategies that once powered America’s success may no longer be sufficient. The world of discovery and innovation has changed dramatically, and the United States must rethink how it develops talent, builds infrastructure, and funds scientific advancement. The time for action is now—across industries, political lines, and institutions.
Recognizing this need for renewal, nearly 70 prominent figures from science, academia, industry, philanthropy, and policy have united to form a new task force: Vision for American Science and Technology (VAST). This diverse coalition—from graduate students to corporate leaders—aims to present Washington policymakers with a forward-looking blueprint for the next phase of American scientific progress. Their mission is to redefine what science and technology can mean for the nation and to provide actionable policy recommendations that ensure continued leadership in global innovation.
The stakes could not be higher. The world faces immense challenges and unprecedented opportunities. Rapidly advancing technologies are transforming communication, healthcare, and energy production. But without decisive leadership and investment, the United States risks losing its competitive edge. Other nations are already accelerating their research and development efforts, eager to seize both the discoveries and the economic advantages that come with them. A weakened American role in science and technology would not only slow global progress but could also reduce the nation’s ability to shape the future.
The structure of scientific funding in the U.S. has shifted significantly over time. In 1964, the federal government provided 67% of the country’s research and development (R&D) funding. Today, that number has fallen sharply, with the private sector now covering roughly three-quarters of total R&D spending and nearly matching the government in support for basic research. While business involvement has driven innovation, it also signals a need for rebalancing to ensure that long-term, high-risk scientific exploration continues to thrive. Meanwhile, other countries have dramatically increased their R&D investments. Between 2010 and 2019, the U.S. share of global R&D spending dropped by 2%, and by 2021, the nation had fallen to second place in global patent applications.
Science should never be a zero-sum competition—collaboration remains crucial. However, America’s diminishing leadership poses a threat not only to its own progress but to global scientific advancement as a whole. The world benefits most when the United States leads with openness, vision, and partnership.
Equally critical is the need to cultivate the next generation of scientists and engineers. To remain a global innovation hub, the U.S. must attract, train, and retain both domestic and international talent. This requires renewed investment in education and creative approaches to career development. Future training programs should expand beyond academia to include opportunities in industry, government, and emerging technology sectors. A diverse, well-prepared scientific workforce will be key to maintaining the nation’s edge in the decades ahead.
The VAST task force plans to release its comprehensive strategy early next year, coinciding with the arrival of a new Congress and administration. Its framework will reimagine what the American scientific enterprise can look like—and whom it serves. The overarching goal is clear: to ensure that U.S. science and technology remain at the forefront of global innovation, driving prosperity and progress both at home and abroad.
Nearly 80 years ago, Vannevar Bush’s visionary report Science: The Endless Frontier laid the foundation for America’s postwar research ecosystem. Today, the landscape of discovery is far more complex, interconnected, and dynamic than Bush could have anticipated. His principles—though foundational—must now evolve. A modern vision must coordinate efforts across government, academia, and industry, while also engaging the public in shaping research priorities and understanding who stands to benefit from scientific progress.
Change is inevitable—and essential—for continued advancement. But one principle must remain constant: the belief that science and technology are among humanity’s most powerful tools for creating a more prosperous, healthier, and safer world. The next chapter of America’s scientific story will depend on its ability to adapt, to invest boldly, and to imagine a future where innovation continues to serve not only national interests but the collective good of all.
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